Gerakan seni minimalis

Minimalisme, terutama gerakan Amerika dalam seni visual dan musik yang berasal dari New York City pada akhir 1960-an dan ditandai dengan kesederhanaan bentuk yang ekstrem dan pendekatan literal dan objektif.

Lukisan Barat: Minimalis

Akan tetapi, bagi para pematung muda Amerika tertentu, karya seperti Caro tampaknya mencakup pembatasan ajaran "Eropa". Saat menerima

Seni minimalis, juga disebut seni ABC, adalah puncak dari kecenderungan reduksionis dalam seni modern yang pertama kali muncul dalam komposisi 1913 oleh pelukis Rusia Kasimir Malevich dari kotak hitam di atas tanah putih. Struktur utama pematung Minimalis Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Dan Flavin, Tony Smith, Anthony Caro, Sol LeWitt, John McCracken, Craig Kaufman, Robert Duran, dan Robert Morris dan lukisan keras Jack Youngerman, Ellsworth Kelly, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Al Held, dan Gene Davis tumbuh dari ketidakpuasan seniman-seniman ini dengan Action painting, cabang American Abstract Expressionism berdasarkan pada intuisi, gerakan spontan yang telah mendominasi seni avant-garde Amerika sepanjang tahun 1950-an. The Minimalis, yang percaya bahwa lukisan Action terlalu pribadi dan tidak penting,mengadopsi sudut pandang bahwa sebuah karya seni tidak boleh merujuk pada apa pun selain dari itu sendiri. Untuk alasan itu mereka berusaha untuk menyingkirkan karya-karya mereka dari asosiasi ekstra-visual. Penggunaan tepi keras, bentuk sederhana, dan pendekatan linier daripada pelukis dimaksudkan untuk menekankan dua dimensi dan untuk memungkinkan penonton respon langsung, murni visual. Mereka mencari inspirasi untuk karya-karya Barnett Newman dan Ad Reinhardt yang tenang dan tanpa ekspresi, para eksponen cabang bidang warna dari lukisan Abstrak Ekspresionis.tanggapan murni visual. Mereka mencari inspirasi untuk karya-karya Barnett Newman dan Ad Reinhardt yang tenang dan tanpa ekspresi, para eksponen cabang bidang warna dari lukisan Abstrak Ekspresionis.tanggapan murni visual. Mereka mencari inspirasi untuk karya-karya Barnett Newman dan Ad Reinhardt yang tenang dan tanpa ekspresi, para eksponen cabang bidang warna dari lukisan Abstrak Ekspresionis.

Hard-edge painting is characterized by large, simplified, usually geometric forms on an overall flat surface; precise, razor-sharp contours; and broad areas of bright, unmodulated colour that have been stained into unprimed canvas. It differs from other types of geometric abstraction in that it rejects both lyrical and mathematical composition because, even in this simplified field, they are a means of personal expression for the artist. Minimal hard-edge painting is the anonymous construction of a simple object.

Minimal sculpture is composed of extremely simple, monumental geometric forms made of fibreglass, plastic, sheet metal, or aluminum, either left raw or solidly painted with bright industrial colours. Like the painters, Minimalist sculptors attempted to make their works totally objective, unexpressive, and non-referential.

Minimal art, along with the music of Erik Satie and the aesthetics of John Cage, was a distinct influence on Minimalist music. Reacting against the complex, intellectually sophisticated style of modern music, several composers began to compose in a simple, literal style, thereby creating an extremely simple and accessible music. La Monte Young, for example, composed a number of electronic “continuous frequency environments,” in which he generated a few pitches and then electronically sustained them, sometimes for days or weeks. Young added very little to this texture and virtually eliminated variation as a developmental technique. Like Young, Morton Feldman tried to eliminate variation. His works explored innovative instrumental timbres through a slowly paced succession of unrelated soft sounds. Another group of composers—Philip Glass, Steve Reich, Cornelius Cardew, and Frederic Rzewski—was influenced by the music of India, Bali, and West Africa. They used simple harmonic and melodic patterns in their highly repetitive music.

In both music and the visual arts, Minimalism was an attempt to explore the essential elements of an art form. In Minimalist visual arts, the personal, gestural elements were stripped away in order to reveal the objective, purely visual elements of painting and sculpture. In Minimalist music, the traditional treatment of form and development was rejected in favour of explorations of timbre and rhythm—musical elements largely unfamiliar to Western listeners.